【学科教学】江苏省仪征中学2026届语法专题训练——定语从句

来源：江苏省仪征中学高三英语备课组　时间：2025-12-08

【知识梳理】

Ø 考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词	先行词	在从句中的作用
who	人	主语、宾语
whom	人	宾语
which	物	主语、宾语
that	人或物	主语、宾语、表语、状语
whose	人或物	定语
as	人或物	主语、宾语、表语
关系代词that和which的用法区别	只用that的情况	先行词是all，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing等不定代词时
		先行词被the only，the very，the same，all等修饰时
		先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰
		先行词既有人又有物时
	只用which的情况	引导非限制性定语从句时
	只用which的情况	关系代词指物，且前有介词时情况
关系代词as和which 的区别	as引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句前、中、后，as常译为“正如……，正像……。从句的谓语动词多为see，know，expect，say，mention，report等
关系代词as和which 的区别	which引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时，只能置于主句后，常译为“这一点，这件事”等，which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系

The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.

I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.

China Today attracts a worldwide readership, which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.

Ø 考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词	先行词	在从句中的作用
when	时间名词	时间状语
where	地点名词或抽象名词(situation，point，activity，case，stage等)	地点状语
why	the reason	原因状语

We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.

Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.

Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday?

Ø 考点三：非限制性定语从句

1. 非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作些附加的说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句与主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般不用that 引导。

e. g. Yesterday I met Li Ping, who seemed to be very busy. (昨天我遇到了李萍，她看起来很忙。）

2. which引导的非限制性定语从句既可修饰名词或代词, 也可修饰整个句子。

e. g. A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages, which surprises all the people present.

(一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语，这令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。）

3. 在非限制性定语从句中，还可把all, some, most, none或both加上of which或of whom来修饰或限定先行词。

e. g. He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. (他深深地爱着他的父母，他们对他非常好。）

Ø 考点四：“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句

1．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时, 介词的宾语只能用which, whom, whose,且不能省略。

Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.

一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。

The doctor to whom we donated the medical supplies is working in a rural clinic.

我们捐赠医疗物资的那位医生正在乡村诊所工作。

2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体关系。

Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of which has been proved.

科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。

Many young people, most of whom were welleducated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.

很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。

3. 在非限制性定语从句中, whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”;

whose修饰人时, 可以换为“the＋名词＋of whom”。

The newlybuilt café, the walls of which (＝whose walls) are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us，especially after hard work.

这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。