江苏省仪征中学2026届语法专题训练——名词性从句

(一) 主语从句:

1、定义：主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的句子。如:

Whether you'll win the game or not doesn’t matter

Whoever will attend the meeting must sign your name here.

2、主语从句的引导词:

①从属连词：that, whether; 如: 

That he is a student is true.

②连接代词：who, what, which; whoever, whatever; 如:

Whatever he wants is needed by his parents.

Which is better is clear.

What we should do next is still unknown.

③连接副词:when, where, how和why; 如:

How we should face the hard situation is a problem.

That he is a scientist is a fact.

【注意】

(1) 在主语从句中只能用 whether不能用 if

(2)形式主语:

一般来说主语从句都是放在句首，但有时为了使句子保持平衡，常用 it 作形式主语，把主语从句放后面。常以it作形式主语的句型有:

①It is +形容词+ that...

That he will win the match is certain.= It is certain that he will win the match

②It is +名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, a surprise, a fact, etc. )+ that...

It’s a fact that we can’t go.

③It is +过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, believed, etc. )+ that...

It has been suggested that much should be done to stop the river from being polluted.

④It appears / seems that.../ It happens that.../ It occurred to me that.../ It turned out that...

It turned out that nobody remembered the address.结果发现没人记得这地址。

⑤It doesn’t matter that.../ It makes no difference that...

It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。

(二) 宾语从句:

1、定义：宾语从句是在复合句中充当宾语的句子。

I know that he is a Chinese.

They are talking about what they like.

2、宾语从句的引导词:

①从属连词:that、whether，if;如:

I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help

I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years

②连接代词:what, who, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever等引导,如：

She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class.

I’ll just say whatever comes into my mind.

③连接副词:when, where, why, how等引导。如：

Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began?

I’ve been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting

3、宾语从句的时态:

①当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时的时候，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。如:

She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.    (从句是一般现在时)

She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.  (从句是一般将来时)

She will say (that) she went to Mount Emei in the past.  (从句是一般过去时)

②当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态；但是此时如果从句表示的是客观真理或者普遍存在的现象时，宾语从句要用一般现在时。如:

He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.   (从句是一般过去时)

He said that he was going to take care of the baby.   (从句是过去将来时)

The teacher told the kids that the earth goes around the sun.  (从句是一般现在时)

【注意】

(1) whether 和 if 引导名词性从句的区别:

① whether 可以引导4 种名词性从句; if 只能引导名词性从句中的宾语从句;

② whether 引导的宾语从句可以作介词的宾语，而 if则不能。如:

They are talking about whether she will win the game.

③ whether 后面可以跟不定式，if则不能。如:

I don’t know whether to visit him at this moment

④ 在 whether… or not 结构中，不能用 if。如:

I don’t know whether he will stay here or not next time.

(2) 当 doubt后面引导宾语从句时，如果主句是否定句时，doubt 后面的宾语从句要用 that 引导；如果主句是肯定句时，doubt 后面的宾语从句要用 whether或if来引导。如:

I doubt whether he can help me.       

They don’t doubt that he can succeed.

(3) 引导宾语从句的引导词 that 一般情况下可以省略，但是当有两个或者两个以上的由that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个宾语从句的引导词 that 可以省略。如:

I believe (that) you can study hard and that you can make progress in your study in Senior middle school

(4) 当 that 引导宾语从句，而且后面又有宾语补足语时，要用 it 做形式宾语，而把 that 引导的宾语从句放到后面。常这样用的动词有 feel/think/make/ conside1等。如:

I feel it easy that a student master the English language.

Schools make it a rule that students should go to school on time.

(5) 当动词 think，suppose，expect，believe，imagine 后面的宾语从句如果是否定句的时候，要把宾语从句中的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，从句的谓语动词用肯定式。如:

I don’t think I know you .

We don’t believe he will come.

(6) 当主句的谓语动词是 think，suppose，expect，believe，imagine，而且主句的主语是的一人称的单复数时，变成反意疑问句的时候，反意疑问句部分的主谓要与从句的主谓一致。如:

I think he is from Russia, isn’t he?

We don’t believe she can succeed, can she?

(7) 当主句的谓语动词是think，suppose，expect，believe，imagine 等词时, 对宾语从句的某个成分进行提问时，要把特殊疑问词提到主句前。如:

Who do you think you are?

Where do you suppose he is from?

(三) 表语从句:

1、定义:放在连系动词 be, look, seem, sound, appear 后充当复合句中的表语。如:

China is no longer what she used to be.

2、表语从句的引导词:

①从属连词 whether, as if/though, because, why, that。如:

The trouble is that I have lost his address.

He looked just as he had looked ten years before.

That's because he didn’t understand me.  (That’s because...强调原因)

That's why he got angry with me.  (That’s why...强调结果)

It sounds as if somebody is knocking at the door.

②连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever .如:

The problem is who we can get to replace her.

That was what she did this morning.

③连接副词 where, when, how, why。如:

The problem is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。

This place is where I met her for the first time. 

This is when he was born.

It is why I refused his gift.

【注意】

(1)在表语从句中只能用 whether不能用 if;

(2)当连接副词 when/where/ why/ how 引导表语从句时，可以表示“……的时候; ……的地点; ……的原因; ……的方法”; 如: 

That is why he learns.

This is how they study maths.

(2) 在含有表语从句的复合句中，当主句的主语是 reason 的时候，后面的表语从句要用 that 来引导，不能用 why 来引导。

(四) 同位语从句

1、定义：在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句，即解释说明前面某个抽象名词内容的从句。常跟同位语从句的抽象名词有 fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question, doubt 等。如:

I came up with an idea that I would visit my former teacher.

He has the doubt whether he can succeed.

2、同位语从句的引导词:

① 从属连词：that, whether; 如:

He put forward the question whether they should start at once. 

I know the fact that he is a doctor

② 连接代词：what, who, whose, what, which 等引导。如:

I have no idea whose book it is .

That is a problem which skirt I should buy.

③ 连接副词:when, where, why, how 等引导。如:

I have a question why he didn't come here yesterday. 

They had no idea where they would work.

3、同位语从句的几种特殊情况:

① 当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。如:

The story goes that William Tell killed the king with an arrow  故事是这样的: ……

Word came that our team had won the game.  有消息传来，…… 

② 表示“命令、建议、要求”的名词 order, demand, suggestion 等后接同位语从句时，从句的谓语要用虚拟语气，即“should +动词原形”，should 可省略。如:

The suggestion that everyone (should) make efforts to beautify our campus is necessary.

*同位语从句和定语从句的区别

The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.  (同位语从句，that 不可省略【打印本页】【关闭窗口】