一、导读：

Key words & expressions involved

1. critical adj.           2. trap vt./n.          3. release vt./n.           4. extend vi/vt.

5. construction n.         6. dozen n.            7. bath n.                8. scream v.

9. minor adj.            10. scream v.          11. bark v.               12. choke v.

13. automatic adj.        14. investigate v.       15. come about           16. priority n.

17. contradict v.          18. differ v.           19. committed adj.        20. discrimination n.

二、导思：【课文定位】根据语境推测下列划线单词或者短语的中文意思并且反复诵读

1. The two news reports and the article below encourage you to be a critical news reader.

2. The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped.

3. Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5, according to figures released by emergency services.

4. By this time, the fire had extended to the 15th floor.

5. The fire has also left dozens of people injured, 5 of whom are in a critical condition.

6. Lisa Mayer, 29, is among the lucky ones who only suffered minor injuries.

7. Mr Peterson, head of the fire department, confirms that a dropped cigarette end on a carpet of the 8th floor started the fire and that the automatic fire alarms did not go off quickly enough to prevent the disaster.

8. A team is currently investigating the accident further.

9. It is advisable to remember that journalists may have different priorities, which would influence how they report an event.

10. Even if news reports are written from basically the same perspective, they may contradict each other in terms of factual details, as events in the real world are usually complicated and constantly changing.

11. Though journalists are committed to presenting the truth, it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports.

12. With great discrimination, every one of us has the potential to be a critical news reader.

13. Secondly, you must have a natural curiosity about things that are happening, even though they may appear to be minor matters.

三、导学&导练

A. 借助字典查下列单词的词性转化

1. critical adj.批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的→____________adv.危急地;批评性地→____________ n.批评;责备;评论→____________n.批评家,评论家;挑剔的人→____________ v.批评;评论

2. extend vi.& vt.延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展→____________ n.延长;延期;扩大→____________ adj.广泛的;大量的;广阔的

3. construction n.建筑,建造;建造物→____________vt.建造,构建;创立→___________ adj.建设性的

4. minor adj .轻微的,次要的→____________ adj.少数的;属于少数派的n.少数派;少数民族

5. bath n.洗澡,洗浴;浴缸,浴盆→____________ v.洗澡

6. automatic adj.自动的;无意识的,不假思索的→____________ adv.自动地;机械地;无意识地

7. investigate vt.& vi.侦查,调查;研究→in____________n.调查;科学研究→____________ adj.调查研究的;侦查的→____________ n.调查者;侦查员

8. journalist n.新闻记者,新闻工作者→__________ n.新闻业,新闻工作→___________ n.报纸,杂志;

9. priority n.优先事项.首要事情;优先权,重点→ ____________adj.优先的;在前面的

10. contradict vt.相矛盾.相反:反驳.驳斥→___________ adj.相互矛盾的→___________ n.矛盾;反驳

11. factual adj.事实的,真实的→____________ adv.真实地;确实地

12. differ vi.相异;意见相左→____________ adj.不同的→____________ adv.不同地→____________ n.差异

13.conclusion n.结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成→____________ v.推断;断定;决定

14.false adj .错误的,不真实的;非天生的;假的,伪造的;不真诚的→____________ adv.错误地;虚伪地;不实地

15. minimum n最小值,最少量adj.最低的,最小的→____________ v.使最小化

16. maximum n.最大量,最大限度adj.最高的,最多的→____________v.使最大化

17. accurate adj.正确无误的;精确的→___________ adv.精确地,准确地→____________n.精确,准确

18. discrimination n.辨别力;识别力;歧视,区别对待→____________ v.歧视;区别;辨别

19. curiosity n.好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品→____________ adj.好奇的,求知欲强的→____________ adv.好奇地

20. commitment n.承诺,许诺;献身,投入;花费→____________ vt.承诺,保证;犯(罪);花(钱或时间) vi.全身心投人;忠于→____________adj.坚定的;尽心尽力的

21. found vt.创建,创办;建立,兴建→__________ n.基础;地基;基金会;根据;创立→_________n.创始人;建立者

22. politics n.政治,政治事务:(个人的)政治观点,政见→____________adj.政治的;党派的→____________adv.政治上→____________ n.政治家

23. profession n.行业,职业;同行;宣称,声明→____________ adj.专业的;职业的n.专业人员

B. 掌握核心单词的用法

1. critical /ˈkrɪtɪkl/ adj. 批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的

critical of sb/sth 批评的；批判性的；挑剔的              a critical comment/report 批判性的评论╱报道

a critical factor in the election campaign 竞选活动的关键因素

a critical moment in our country’s history 我国历史上的危急关头

2. trap /træp/ vt. 使落入险境；卡住，绊住 n. 陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼 (trapped/trapped)

trap sb (into sth/into doing sth) 使陷入圈套；使中计；使上当

set a trap设陷阱              fall into a trap 落入陷阱

（2019天津卷）We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it. 我们在自己的专业领域取得成功，然后陷入其中。

（2016北京卷）Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings. 青少年爬上几十层楼梯，给被困在停电的高层建筑中的老人送去水和食物。

3. release /rɪˈliːs/ vt. 发布；释放；松开；发泄n. 释放；发行；排放，泄漏

release sb/sth (from sth) 释放；放出；放走

release sb (from sth) 免除，解除（某人的职责、责任、合同等）；解雇

the release (of sb) (from sth) 释放；获释

the latest new releases 最新发行的产品

the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere 二氧化碳向大气层的排放

a sense of release after the exam 考试后的解脱感

（2015福建卷）Decide and act before overthinking. When you do this you may feel a little or large release from the jail of your mind and you’ll be on your way. 三思而后行。当你这样做的时候，你可能会感到自己从思想的牢笼中解放出来，你就可以继续前进了。

4. extend /ɪkˈstend/ vi. & vt. 延伸（距离）；扩大；延长；伸展

to extend a fence/road/house 扩建护栏╱公路╱房子  to extend a deadline/visa 延长最后期限╱签证

to extend a rope between two posts 在两根柱子间拉根绳子   to extend an invitation 发出邀请

（2016北京卷）However, now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence, during which many of today’s students and are not shouldered with adult responsibilities. 然而，现在他们正在延长青春期，在这期间，许多学生并没有肩负起成人的责任。

（2015湖南卷）When the inspector extended his hand to greet Glenn’s mother, he slipped on the freshly oiled surface. 当督察伸出手去和格伦的母亲打招呼时，他在刚涂过油的地面上滑倒了。

5. construction /kənˈstrʌkʃn/ n. 建筑，建造；建造物

in/under construction  在建造中；正在施工之中          in the construction of  建筑

construction technology  施工技术，建筑技术；建筑施工；建筑工艺学

economic construction  经济建设

6. dozens of 很多，许多 

dozen /ˈdʌzn/ n. 许多；（一）打；十来个

by the dozen成打地；按打计算                     two dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋

three dozen red roses 三打红玫瑰                    several dozen/a few dozen people 数十╱几十个人

7. minor /ˈmaɪnə(r)/ adj. 轻微的，次要的

a minor road 小路        minor injuries 轻伤        to undergo minor surgery 做小手术

minority n. 少数；少数派；少数民族

【反义词】major adj. 主要的；重要的；主修的

8. choke /tʃəʊk/ vt. & vi.（使）窒息；（使）哽咽，（尤指感情激动而）说不出话来

choke sth back 强忍住；抑制；克制           to choke back tears/anger/sobs 强忍住眼泪╱愤怒╱哭泣

choke sth down 硬咽；硬吞                 choke sth off阻止；制止；限制；打断；停止；终止

choke out/choke out sth （因感情激动而）哽咽着说，哽咽地说出某事

choke up （因感情激动而）哽咽

Very small toys can choke a baby. 很小的玩具可使婴儿窒息。

She almost choked to death in the thick fumes. 她几乎被浓烟呛死。

High housing estate prices have choked off demand. 高昂的房地产价格制约了需求。

Her screams were suddenly choked off. 她的尖叫声戛然而止。

He choked out a reply. 他哽咽着回答。

The author choked up when she began to talk about her mother. 作者谈起母亲时，便哽咽着说不出话来。

9. automatic /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk/ adj. 自动的；无意识的，不假思索的

automatically adv. 自动地；机械地；无意识地              automatism n. 自动；无意识行为

automation n. 自动化；自动操作                   

automate vt. 使自动化，使自动操作 vi. 自动化，自动操作

Modern trains have automatic doors. 现代火车都有自动门。

Breathing is an automatic function of the body. 呼吸是一种无意识的身体功能。

10. carpet /ˈkɑːpɪt/ n. 地毯；覆盖地面的一层厚东西

a carpet of snow 一层厚厚的雪

carpet作动词时，意思是“把地毯铺在……上；厚厚地铺上”。

The hall was carpeted in blue. 大厅铺上了蓝色的地毯。

The forest floor was carpeted with wild flowers. 森林的地面上开满了野花。

11. investigate /ɪnˈvestɪɡeɪt/ vt. & vi. 侦查，调查；研究

investigation n. 调查；调查研究

（2016安徽卷）Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means. 一些心理学家认为，幼儿通过这种方式学习的不仅仅是物质世界——他们用类似的方法研究人类心理和语言规则。

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