一、导读：

Key words & expressions involved

1.attain         2.passion               3.anticipate    4.superior       

5.prejudice   6.receptionist           7.respective       8.consultant

9.operate            10.commercial          11.detective     12.subjective

二、导思：【课文定位】根据语境推测下列划线单词或者短语的中文意思并且反复诵读

1. It is certainly true that most of us do join the labour force once our studies are completed.

2. Indeed, it could be argued that our education is geared towards preparing us for a life of work.

3. However, earning a living is by no means the only reason why we work—there are other important reasons that motivate us to enter the world of work.

4. Through the work we do, our goals can be attained and our dreams achieved.

5. Yang Liwei, for example, driven by his passion for flying, became a pilot and then China’s first astronaut in space.

三、导学&导练

A. 借助字典查下列单词的词性转化

1. attain vt.达到；获得→______________ adj.可达到的；可获得的

2. passion n．强烈情感；酷爱→______________  adj.热诚的；狂热的

3. anticipate vt.预计；预料→______________  n．预料，预期，预见，预计

4. superior adj.更好的，占优势的n.级别(或地位、职位)更高的人→______________  adj.较差的；比不上……的 n．不如别人的人；级别(或地位)低的人

5. prejudice n．偏见，成见→______________  adj.有偏见的；偏爱的

6. receptionist n. 接待员 →______________  n. 接待；招待会；接待处；欢迎会

7. respective adj.分别的；各自的 →______________  v./n. 尊敬；方面

8. consultant n．顾问；会诊医师→______________  v．咨询，商讨→______________  n．咨询，商讨；就诊

9. operate vt.操作，使运行vi.运转，工作；经营，营业→______________  n．运行，运转；经营；手术；行动→______________  n．操作人员；电话员，接线员；经营者

10. commercial adj.商业的；盈利的 →______________  n. 商业；贸易

11. detective n. 侦探，警探 →______________  v. 发现；侦查

12. subjective adj. 主观的 →______________  adj. 客观的

B. 掌握核心单词的用法

1. labour /ˈleɪbə(r)/ n. 劳动，（尤指）体力劳动；分娩期，分娩 vi.  努力做；干苦力活（30）

  labour force（全公司或全国的）劳动力（30）

labor=labour   manual labour (= work using your hands) 体力劳动

a shortage of labour 劳动力的短缺      labourer n. 劳动者；劳工

labour for  v. 努力争取

The company wants to keep down labour costs . 公司想保持低劳动成本。

Scientists laboured for months to unravel the mysteries of Neptune and still remain baffled（迷惑）.

科学家们为揭开海王星之谜艰难地工作了数月，但依然迷惑不解。

2. gear sth to/towards (doing) sth 使与…相适应；使适合于

gear up (for/to sth)/gear sb/sth up (for/to sth)（使）为…作好准备

to change/shift gear 换挡

The course had been geared towards the specific needs of its members.

课程已作调整，以满足学员的特别需要。

3. attain /əˈteɪn/ vt. 达到；获得（30）

  attainment n. 达到，获得；成就，造诣

attainable adj. 可得到的；可达到的；可到达的

unattainable adj. 做不到的；难到达的

Are you courageous enough to attain that goal that you set? 你有足够的胆量来实现你所制定的目标吗？

4. endeavor /ɪn‘devə/ vi. 努力，尽力 n. 努力，尝试（30）

  endeavor=endeavour

make an endeavor to do sth尽力做某事

Please make every endeavour to arrive on time. 请尽全力按时到达。

advances in the field of scientific endeavour 在科学探索领域的进步

endeavour for 尽力

endeavour to perfect one's skill 努力钻研技术

I will endeavour to do my best for my country. 我将竭尽全力报效祖国。

5. passion /ˈpæʃ(ə)n/ n. 强烈感情；酷爱（30）

  have a passion for  对…有强烈的爱好      arouse passion for 唤起对…的热情，激情，热爱，热衷

  do sth with passion 有激情地做某事

passionate adj. 热诚的，狂热的；热恋的，情意绵绵的；易怒的

be passionate about

passionately adv. 热情地；强烈地；激昂地

The chemist says she always has a passion for science. 这位化学家说她对科学一直很有热情。

He has developed a consuming passion for chess. 他对国际象棋已经产生了浓厚的兴趣。

Music is a passion with him. 他对音乐情有独钟。

6. anticipate /ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt/ vt. 预计（并做准备）；预料（31）

  anticipate doing sth/anticipate sth doing sth 期盼；期望

  It is anticipated that... 据预料/预计/预测……

anticipation n. 预期，预料；期盼，期望

in anticipation of sth　期待着；预计到

anticipate后常接doing (sth) 作宾语，一般不能接to do (sth)。使用时要注意！

They anticipate moving to bigger premises（场所）by the end of the year.

他们预期年底前迁入较大的经营场址。

He bought extra food in anticipation of more people coming than he'd invited.

7. superior /suːˈpɪəriə(r)/ adj. 好的，占优势的 n. 级别（或地位、职位）更高的人（31）

  be superior to sb/sth（在品质上）更好的；更胜一筹 

be superior (to sb) （在级别、重要性或职位上）更高的

be superior in  在…方面优越                  superior intelligence 更强的智力

superiorly adv. 超越其他地；卓越地            superiority n. 优越，优势；优越感，骄傲自大

superior的反义词是inferior adj. 较差的；低等的，下级的

在be superior to中，介词to一般不用than替换。类似用法be inferior to, be senior to, be junior to等。

This model is technically superior to its competitors. 这一款式在技术上超过了与之竞争的产品。

  I will pass your complaint on to my superiors. (上级)

8. prejudice /ˈpredʒudɪs/ n. 偏见，成见（31）

prejudice  (against sb/sth) 偏见；成见      without prejudice  无偏见

racial prejudice  种族偏见                Pride and Prejudice 《傲慢与偏见》

（2015广东卷）This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice. 这表明英国人对口音的态度根深蒂固，是基于阶级偏见的。

There is widespread prejudice against workers over 45. 对年龄超过45岁的工人有普遍的偏见。

V. 使有偏见，使有成见； 损害，不利于  

be prejudiced against=have a prejudice against sb

prejudiced adj. 怀偏见的；有成见的；偏颇的

9. consultant 顾问，会诊医生

  The former general now serves as a consultant to the Pentagon.

  V. consult

①请教，咨询，商量 consult sb （consult a doctor/lawyer/professor ）咨询.....

  consult  with sb 与.....商量

  ②查阅（refer to）

  refer to a dictionary = consult a dictionary

  Have you consulted your lawyer about this? 你就此事咨询过你的律师吗？

10. respective adj. 各自的，分别的

  They are each recognized specialists in their respective fields. 他们在各自的领域都被视为专家。

respectively adv. 分别地，依次地

  In the 200 metres, Lizzy and Sarah came first and third respectively.

11. zone

  comfort zone舒适区

  Rock climbing pushes many people beyond their comfort zones.

Sometimes you have to step out of your comfort zone and challenge yourself.

12. operate

  vi. ①做手术

  operate on sb 给某人做手术

  Having seen the X-ray, the doctor decided to operate on the patient.

  vt. ②操作

  operate a machine

The machine is easy to operate.

Subway trains operate 24 hours a day in New York.

N. operation

c.n. ①手术

a transplant operation  一次移植手术

He is now recovering from an operation on his shoulder.

u.n. ②运转，运行，操作

put sth into operation 付诸实施             come into operation 开始运转

n. ③经营

The new plant is scheduled to go/come into operation in May this year.

13.  hire /ˈhaɪə(r)/ vt.&vi. 聘用，雇用；租用 n. 新雇员；租借

to hire a car/room/video 租汽车╱房间╱录像带

hire sth out 出租某物          hire yourself out (to sb) 为（某人）工作；受聘于；受雇于

for hire/rent  供出租         on hire/rent  出租的；雇用

bicycles for hire, ￡2 an hour 自行车出租，每小时2英镑

辨析：hire, rent与employ的区别

1) hire 可指雇人，也可指租用车船、服装等物，多指临时雇用。

2) rent 指租用场地、房屋、土地等，既可是长期的，也可是临时的。只指物，不指人。

3) employ 指雇用人，聘请人，带有长期性，只指人，不指物。

They hired a boat yesterday. 昨天他们雇了一条船。

She rented me a room. 她为我租了一个房间。

We employ him as an adviser. 我们雇用他当顾问。

14. leadership /ˈliːdəʃɪp/ n. 领导应有的品质；领导地位

  leadership qualities/skills 领导的素质╱技巧

leadership team 领导团队           under one’s leadership/under the leadership of 在…的领导下

The party thrived（兴旺，繁荣）under his leadership . 这个党在他的领导下兴旺起来。

15. weigh up 权衡，斟酌

  weigh on sb/sth加重…的思想负担；使焦虑不安；使担忧

weigh up  权衡；估量；称                    weigh sb down 使烦恼；使焦虑；使忧心忡忡

weigh out  v. 称出                           weigh one’s words 推敲；斟酌字句

She weighed up all the evidence. 她慎重地考虑了所有的证据。

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