一、导读：

Read the short passage on P34, finish the table and explore the rules.

二、导思：

读一读，悟一悟:

1 . You can have food delivered to you using food delivery apps and sites.

2 . He came to see me, bringing me the exciting news.

3 . Do you know the girl standing under that big tree?

4 . You shouldn’t have the little boy standing there all the time.

5 . Seeing the woman, the little baby began to smile.

三、导学&导练：

分词的作用相当于形容词、副词的作用，也就是说它能够充当句子的定语、表语、补语、状语等。分词包括现在分词和过去分词两种。

1．动词-ing形式(动名词、现在分词)作定语

(1)动名词作定语表示所修饰词的功能和作用

drinking water＝water for drinking饮用水     a reading room＝a room for reading阅览室

(2)现在分词作定语

现在分词作定语时，与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的“主谓关系”(主动)，表示一个存在的状态或正在进行的动作；有时现在分词作定语可以转变成主动的定语从句。

The swimming boy is my brother.＝The boy who is swimming is my brother.

正在游泳的那个男孩是我的兄弟。

①说明被修饰词的性质和程度。

a surprising result＝a result that is surprising一个惊人的结果

②表示被修饰词正在进行的动作。

The man walking towards the office building is my teacher.

正朝办公楼走去的那位男士是我的老师。

*①单个现在分词作定语时，放在被修饰词之前；现在分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰词之后。

shocking news令人震惊的消息

The man standing there is Peter's father.

站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。

*②现在分词、过去分词、不定式作定语时的区别

The student doing the experiment is our monitor.

正在做实验的那个学生是我们的班长。(现在分词短语作定语，表示主动和进行)

They lived in a house facing the street.

他们住在一所正对着街道的房子里。(现在分词短语作定语，表示被修饰词的状态)

The meeting being held now is very important.

现在正在举行的会议非常重要。(现在分词的被动式作定语，表示被动和进行)

The meeting held yesterday is very important.

昨天举行的会议非常重要。(过去分词作定语，表示被动和完成)

The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.

明天要举行的会议非常重要。(不定式的被动式作定语，表示被动和将来)

2．动词-ing(现在分词)作状语

(1)基本形式

①现在分词的一般式所表示的动作与句中谓语动词动作同时发生。

Seeing the cat, the mouse ran off.一看到猫，老鼠就跑了。

②现在分词的完成式所表示的动作先于句中谓语动词动作发生。

The storm left, having caused a lot of damage to this area.

暴风雨离开了，给这个地区造成了诸多破坏。

Not having completed the programme , they have to stay there for another two weeks.

由于没有完成计划，他们不得不在那里再待两个星期。

③现在分词一般式的被动式表示与谓语动词动作同时发生的被动动作。

Being protected by many guards, he felt safe.

被很多警卫保护着，他觉得很安全。

④现在分词完成式的被动式表示发生在谓语动词动作之前的被动动作。

Not having been invited, he felt very unhappy.

由于没有被邀请，他感到很不高兴。

(2)基本用法

①表示时间

Walking along the street, I met Mary.(＝While I was walking along the street, ...)

在街上散步的时候，我遇到了玛丽。

②表示原因

Being tired, I stopped to take a rest.

因为疲倦，我停下来休息。

③表示条件

Turning to the left, you will find the school.

向左转，你就会找到那所学校。

④表示让步

Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me.(＝Though he knows where I live, he never comes to see me.)

虽然他知道我的住处，但他从不来看我。

⑤表示伴随/方式

I stood there, waiting for her.(＝I stood there, and waited for her.)

我站在那儿等她。

⑥表示结果(注意：现在分词表示自然而然的结果。)

Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.

他们的汽车遇上了交通堵塞，因而耽搁了。

(3)现在分词作状语的其他情况

①现在分词作状语时，可以和表示时间、条件、方式、让步等的从属连词连用，强调分词与句子主干之间的逻辑关系。有时这类结构也可以看作状语从句的省略。

When crossing the street, do be careful.

过马路时务必要小心。

As long as going into the reading room, you should keep quiet.

只要进入阅览室，你就应该保持安静。

②现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语一般是句子主语，但有时现在分词前可有一个名词或代词表示它逻辑上的主语，这种带逻辑主语的现在分词是独立主格结构的一种，在句中作状语。

Time permitting, we'll come to see you.

如果时间允许，我们会来看你。

3．动词-ing形式(现在分词)作宾语补足语

现在分词作宾语补足语，表示正在进行的主动性的动作或一种状态。能用现在分词形式作宾补的几类动词：

(1)感官动词，常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe等；

(2)使役动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, leave等。

I looked down into the water and could see Old Tom swimming by the boat, showing us the way.

我低头向水里看去，能看见老汤姆在船旁游泳，正在给我们指路。

Wang Peng won't have her getting away with telling people lies.

王鹏不会让她向人们撒谎而不受惩罚的。

When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the gate.

当我们回到学校时，发现一个陌生人站在大门口。

The boss kept the workers working the whole night.

那个老板让工人整夜地工作。

当句子转换为被动结构时，原来作宾语补足语的现在分词便转换为主语补足语。

They heard him singing in the next room.

＝He was heard singing in the next room.

他们听到他正在隔壁房间唱歌。

四、达标导练：

I. 单句语法填空

1．The building ______________ (build) now is our new library.

2．Some old men have to walk with the help of ______________ (walk) sticks (拐杖).

3．There were some boys __________________ (shout) near the window, so I couldn't fall asleep.

4．Make less noise. There’s a ________________ (sleep) child.

5．China is a ________________ (develop) country while America is a _____________ (develop) country.

6．He glanced over at her, _______________ (note) that though she was tiny, she seemed quite mature.

7．The manager, ________________ (make) it clear to us that he didn't agree with us, left the meeting room.

8．Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ________(say) the same thing.

9．The news shocked the public, ______________ (lead) to great concern about students’ safety at school.

10．______________ (see) that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she'd like that little doll on her bed.

11．Oil prices have risen by 32 per cent since the start of the year, _________ (reach) a record of $57.65 a barrel on 4 April.

12．He was busy writing a story, ______________ (stop) once in a while to eat some food.

13．A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, __________ (kill) all four people on board.

14．In a study _________________ (describe) the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word  “touch”  four times using the smart keyboard.

15．The stadium________________ (build) at present in our city is intended for the coming Asian Games.

16．The flowers_______________ (smell) sweet in the garden attract the visitors to enjoy the beauty of nature.

17．There is a lot of evidence _______ (show) that staring at the computer for a long time does harm to our eyes.

18．A woman asked the primary school in her neighborhood to accept her six-year-old son, who has a______________ (hear) disability.

19．After the party, most guests left, with only two of them ______________ (remain) in the host's house, _______________ (help) him clean up.

20．When I was on my way to school this morning, I saw two women____________ (argue).

II. 语法填空

Arya Permana, a 10-year-old boy from Indonesia, has been the fattest boy in the world, ①___________ (weigh) 192 kilogrammes.

Arya started ②______ (gain) weight rapidly at the age of 2. In the ③______ (begin), his parents were happy about his figure and considered him a healthy child. However, with years ④_____ (go) by, they realized something was wrong with him and that he needed ⑤______(treat) from hospital. They took Arya to see  doctors, ⑥_________ (get) no exact explanation for the cause of his abnormal weight.

Arya cannot walk, play with other kids or attend school. His parents also have trouble ⑦_____ (find) clothes ⑧____ (fit) him. They realize their son’s weight is putting his health at risk. So they are determined to help him lose weight by ⑨______ (deny) his food and ⑩_____ (force) him to do exercise.

五、课后巩固训练：（40分钟）

限时练习

六、反思感悟：

1. 动词-ing形式的概念理解吗？

2. 现在分词可以在句子中做哪些成分？

3. 动词-ing形式和-ed形式的区分掌握了吗？