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一、导读： Read the short passage on P48, finish the box and explore the rules. 1) ..., but no one can deny the fact that they were constructed in the 13th century BCE. 2) ... they had no idea whether the temples could be saved from the rising waters. 3) Some experts, however, had a feeling that it was possible. 4) At first, they had no idea which way could work. 5) There was no guarantee that it would work, ... 6) Furthermore, the experts had no clue whether any parts of the temples would break during transport. 7) ..., but we have the belief that we will need this kind of cooperation in heritage preservation. ▪ An appositive clause is usually placed after an abstract noun to explain its meaning. ▪ We often use (1) ________, (2) ________ or a question word to introduce an appositive clause. ▪ Nouns that can be followed by an appositive clause include fact, idea, news, opinion, etc. 二、导思： Read the following sentences and pay attention to the underlined parts. 1. Their friend, Danny Lin, was waiting at the airport. 2. Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us. 3. We Chinese people are brave and hard-working. 4. I have the impression that people there are always on the go. 同位语可以由：__________________构成。当同位语由句子构成时，就叫 ___________ 同位语的位置：________________, 作用:_______________ 三、导学&导练： I.同位语从句概述 1.同位语从句指在复合句中充当同位语的从句，属于名词性从句的范畴。同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系（即被解释说明的词=同位语）。 
2.常见的同位语从句抽象名词 fact 事实 fear 害怕 feeling 感觉 hope 希望 idea 主意 news 消息 opinion 观点 order 命令 promise 诺言 possibility 可能性 problem 问题 answer 回答 question 问题 word 消息 suggestion 建议 thought 想法 truth 真相 wish 愿望 warning 警告 conclusion 结 phenomenon现象 evidence 证据 proof 证据 criticism 批评 rumour 传闻 The news that our team has won the game is true. I have no idea whom she addressed the letter to. II.连接词 引导同位语从句的词有：连词that, whether；连接代词who, what, which等；连接副词how, when, where, why等。 1.that陈述一个事实或看法在从句中不作成分，没有实际意义，有时候可以省略。 The fact that some countries are still suffering from poverty is really a great problem. 一些国家仍在遭受贫困之苦，这确实是个大问题。 They were surprised at the news that their team had won. 他们对于他们队伍赢得比赛的消息十分震惊。 2.whether引导同位语从句，意为“是否”，不能用if代替。 I have no idea whether the work is worth doing. 我不知道这项工作是否值得做。 John asked me the question whether the book was worth reading. 约翰问我是否这本书值得阅读。 3. 连接代词和连接副词引导同位语从句，在从句中作成分。 疑问代词 | who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever | 疑问副词 | when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however |
①由疑问代词who，which，what引导的同位语从句。疑问代词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语。 The question who should go abroad required consideration.（who在从句中做主语） 谁应该出国这个问题还需要考虑。 I have no idea which one I should choose.（which 在从句中做定语） 我不知道该选哪一个。 He has no idea what he should do next. （what在从句中做宾语） 他不知道下一步要做什么。 ②由疑问副词 when，where，why，how引导的同位语从句。疑问副词在从句中做时间状语、地点状语、原因状语和方式状语。 I have no idea when he will be back from Shanghai. （when在从句中做时间状语） 我不知道他何时从上海回来。 I still have no idea why they left the party without a word last night.（why在从句中做原因状语） 我仍然不知道昨晚他们为什么没说一句话就离开了宴会。 It remains a mystery how it happened.（how在从句中做方式状语） 那件事是怎么发生的仍然是个谜。 The question where we will go to spend our holiday has not been discussed. （where在从句中做地点状语） 我们要去哪里度假这一问题还没被讨论。 III.特殊形式 1. 间隔式同位语从句 同位语从句通常是跟在它解释或说明的名词后，但当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，为避免头重脚轻，同位语从句常后置，构成间隔式同位语从句。 Word came that the concert had been put off. An idea occurred to her that she could try another way. 2. 在某些名词(如demand, suggestion, wish, advice, request, proposal, order等)后的同位语从句，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。 一坚持 insist 二命令 order, command 三建议 advise, suggest, propose 四要求 require, request, demand, desire We followed his advice that we (should) turn to our teacher for help. We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing. I can understand their wishes that they (should) have a holiday. 3.doubt 的同位语从句 用于肯定句时用 whether 引导 用于否定句时用 that 引导 There is no doubt that it was his friend that played tricks on him. There is some doubt whether he can adapt to the new surroundings here. I doubt whether he is at home. We don’t doubt that they can complete the task ahead of time. IV.同位语从句与定语从句的区别
| 同位语从句 | 定语从句 | 性质 | 同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释，属于名词性从句的范畴 | 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴 | 实例 | The news that our team has won the game is true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。 (同位语从句, 补充说明news到底是一个什么消息) | The news that he told me yesterday was true. 昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。 (定语从句, news在从句中作told的宾语) |
| 同位语从句 | 定语从句 |
| 先行词 | 同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order等抽象名词 | 定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句 |
| 实例 | ①He told me the news that he would come home from abroad soon.（同位语从句） ②Word came that he had been abroad. （同位语从句） ③Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. （定语从句） |
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引导词 | 引导同位语从句的词有:that, whether, what, who, whom, whose, when, where, how等。 | 有些引导词如how, whether, what不能引导定语从句。 | that引导同位语从句时只起连接作用，无具体意义，在从句中不作成分，不能用which代替，且不能省略。 | that引导定语从句时，不但起连接作用，而且在从句中作成分，作宾语时可以省略。 | 实例 | The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. (同位语从句, 是对order的具体解释that虽不作成分, 但不能省略) | The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. (定语从句, 是名词order的修饰语, that在从句中作received的宾语, 可以省略) |
四、课文重难点 There are divisions among historians over... 关于…历史学家之间存在分歧 be under serious threat 受到严重威胁 cause widespread concern among sb 在…之间引起广泛担忧 sb have no idea/clue whether 不知道…是不是... put together a team of architects 召集一队建筑学家 take the temples apart 拆除寺庙 There is no guarantee that 不能保证… heritage preservation 文化遗产保护 No one can deny the fact that... 没有人能否认...的事实 be saved from 从...中被救出 have a feeling that... 认为... raise public awareness of... 提高公众...意识 in bad condition 状态糟糕 after all 毕竟 demonstrate the power of international cooperation in times of crisis 证明了危机时刻国际团队的合作力量 五、达标导练：(25分钟) I. 单句语法填空 1.There is some doubt _________________we can finish the work on time. 2.I have no idea ________________
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