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一、导读：Key words contrary | shift | reform | drag | adopt | aboard | comparison | freeze | violently | hatch | plot | sink | shift | reform | memorial | drag |
二、导思: 词性转化 1. ___________ vt.采用,采取;表决采纳;领养,收养→___________ adj.被收养的；被采用的→ ___________ n．收养;采用 2. ___________ n．比较;对比→ ___________ v．比较,对比;将……比作 3．rub (_________, __________) vt. & vi. 擦，磨，搓. →__________ n. 橡胶；橡皮 4. adv. 猛烈地,厉害地;强烈地,激烈地;凶狠地→___________ n．暴力;暴行→ _______________adj.暴力的;猛烈的 5. dive (_________-__________, _________) vi. 潜水;下潜;跳水;俯冲;突然下降;扑,冲,奔→____________ u.n. 跳水（运动） 6．___________ vi.& vt.突然停止,呆住;结冰;冻僵→___________ adj.冰点以下的,结冰的;极冷的;(雾、雨)冻的 n.冰点→ ___________ adj.冻结的；冷酷的 7. ____________ n. 混乱;杂乱;紊乱→_____________ adj.混乱的→___________ adv.混乱地 8. ___________vi.失血,流血→___________ n．血,血液;血统→___________ n．出血;渗色 9. ____________ n. 臭名昭著，声名狼藉；恶行，罪行→____________ adj. 臭名昭著的，名声狼藉的→____________ n. 名声；声誉；名气→____________ adj. 著名的；出名的 10. ____________ vi. & vt.(____________, ____________)下沉，沉没；坐下；降低 →____________ adj.沉没的；凹陷的；比周围低的 11. ___________ n．纪念碑(或像等);纪念物→___________ vt.记住,背熟;记忆→___________ n.记忆,记忆力;内存,[计]存储器;回忆 12.____________ vi. & vt.企盼，祈求；祈祷，祷告→____________ n.祈祷，祷告；恳求；祈祷文 13. ____________ vt.改进，改革，改良 →____________ n.改革家；改革运动者；改良者 三、导学：掌握核心单词的用法 1.shelf n.（书架等的）架子，搁板→shelves pl. ① shelf life 保存期 ②【特殊】roof/belief → pl: roofs/beliefs 【-ve】thief/wife/knife/shelf/wolf/half/leaf/life → thieves/wives/knives/shelves/wolves/halves/leaves/lives 2. adopt v. 采用(某方法);采取(某态度);表决采纳(建议、政策等);收养;领养→adoption n. 收养；采纳→adopted adj. 收养的，领养的 ①adopted different approaches to the problem 处理这个问题的方法各不相同 ②adopt a resolution 通过一项决议 ③an adopted kid 被收养的孩子 【易混】adapt v. 适应；改编→adaptation n. 改编 adapt her novel for a film/ adapt a film from a novel adapt (oneself) to a new life 适应新生活 3.comparison n.比较;对比;相比→compare v. 对比；比较 ①make/draw a comparison with.../between A and B 和.../在A和B之间做对比 ②in/by comparison (with/to sth.) 和...做对比 ③compare A with B 把A和B做对比 ④compare A to B 把A比喻成B ⑤beyond / without compare 无与伦比；举世无双 1) Compared(compare) with other people's problems, my problem seems insignificant. 2) Comparing(compare) my own problem with other people's problems, mine seems insignificant. 3) The poet compared pear blossoms to诗人把梨花比作雪。 4) It is difficult to make a comparison with her previous book—they are completely different. 这很难与她以前的书相比，两者是截然不同的。 5) In comparison to other recent video games, this one isn't very exciting. 和其他最新的电子游戏相比﹐这个游戏不太刺激。 4. pack v. 打包,包装;收拾,装(箱);挤进,塞进 n. 包,包裹;小包,小盒;(野兽、飞禽等的)一群;一帮,一伙(尤含贬义) ①pack your belongings/a bag 打包行装 ②pack ... into/in something 把...塞进 ③pack into... 涌进... ④a pack of 一包…；一帮，疑惑 ⑤be packed with ... 挤满，塞满 1) He packed a few things into a bag. 他装了几件衣物在包里。 2) Fifty thousand fans packed into the stadium. 五万名球迷涌进了体育场。 3) Packed (pack) with vivid descriptions and fun facts, this type of history book is highly readable and true to life. 5.contrary adj. 相反的，相对立的；截然不同的 ①be contrary to 与…相反 ②on the contrary 相反地 1)On the contrary, it will be a great pleasure to help you. 相反，我很乐意帮助你。 2)Contrary to popular belief , many cats dislike milk. 与普通的看法相反，许多猫不喜欢牛奶。 6.aboard adv.&prep. 在(车、船、飞机等)上;上(车、船、飞机等) ①go aboard 上船；上飞机 ② on board 在船上 【形近词】abroad 在国外 7.rub (rubbed, rubbing)vt. & vi. 擦，磨，搓；（使）相互摩擦 →rubber n. 橡胶；橡皮 8.violently adv. 强烈地;激烈地;猛烈地;厉害地;凶猛地;凶狠地→violent adj.暴力的；剧烈的→violence n.暴力；暴行 ①violent behavior 暴力行为 ②violent winds 猛烈的大风 ③domestic violence 家庭暴力 ④violence against sb. 武力对抗 9.dive (dived-dove, dived) vi. 潜水;下潜;跳水;俯冲;突然下降;扑,冲,奔 n. 俯冲;跳水;潜水;扑;冲→diving u.n. 跳水（运动→ diver n. 潜水员，跳水运动员 ①dive into 投入；把手伸入；潜心研究 ②go diving 潜水 |