一、导读： 短语填空

1.be _______ to  是……的所在地/出产地/聚集地

2. in __________ 相应地，转而

3. break __________ （使）分解(为)，使变化(成)

4. __________ life into  给……带来起色，注入活力

5. in __________ of  处于……的危险之中

6. build __________ 逐渐增加，扩大

7. be __________ with 充满，到处都是(活的或动的东西)

8. do __________ to 对……有害

9. cut __________ 砍倒；削减，缩小

10. a __________ of 各种各样的

11．feed __________ 以……为食

12．take __________吸收；欺骗；领会

13. with _________ area of   有......面积

14. ________ from/by  根据......来判断

15.play a significant/critical/vital/crucial ________ in  在(做)某事中起关键/至关重要的作用

二、 导思&导学：

1．[教材原文]　With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.

亚马孙雨林面积约为600万平方千米，是中国国土面积的一半以上。

[句式分析]　此句是一个简单句，句中more than half the size of含有倍数表达。

[归纳拓展]

英语里常见的倍数表达法：

(1)A is＋倍数＋ the size/weight/height/length/width...＋of B

(2)A is＋倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as B

(3)A is＋倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than B

(4)A is＋倍数＋what从句

[名师点津]　两倍用twice，三倍或三倍以上用“基数词＋times”表达。

①The new planet is about ten times the size of the earth.

这颗新行星大约是地球大小的10倍。

②Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.

美国人每人每年仅吃大约15磅的鱼，但我们在餐馆中吃的鱼是在家中吃的两倍多。

③Some children will be starting a new school that is ten times larger than their primary.

一些学生将要在比原本学校大10倍的地方开始新的学期。

④Output now is six times what it was 10 years ago.

现在的产量是10年前的6倍。

[即学即练]

一句多译

这条河是我们城市那条河的4倍长。

①The river is four times longer than the one in our city.

②The river is four times as long as the one in our city.

③The river is four times the length of the one in our city.

2．[教材原文]　The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.

亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长接近6 400千米，比长江还长约100千米。

[句式分析]　本句是一个主从复合句；句中含有from＋which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词the Amazon River，在句中作from的宾语。

[归纳拓展]

使用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时需注意以下几点：

(1)在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词只用whom (先行词指人)，which (先行词指物)和whose (表示所属关系)。

(2)“介词＋关系代词”可引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

(3)在限制性定语从句中，介词放在关系代词之前时，关系代词不能省略；但若介词后置，则可用that代替which，who代替whom，也可省略关系代词。

(4)介词的确定要遵循“一先、二动、三意义”的原则。“一先”即根据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定介词；“二动”即根据定语从句中动词或形容词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定介词；“三意义”即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。

①The course normally attracts about 100 students per year, of whom up to half will be from abroad.

该课程通常每年吸引约100名学生，其中多达一半来自国外。

②Essentially, everyone has two ages: a chronological age, how old the calendar says you are, and a biological age, basically the age at which your body functions as it compares to average fitness or health levels.

基本上，每个人都有两个年龄：一个是实际年龄，日历上显示的你的年龄；一个是生理年龄，基本上是你的身体机能与平均健康水平相比的年龄。

③They also had a small pond in which they raised fish.

他们还有一个养鱼的小池塘。

④Have you sent thank­you notes to the relatives from whom you received gifts?

你给那些送你礼物的亲戚们发感谢信了吗？

[即学即练]

完成句子

①Life is not fairy tales in which everyone will have a happy ending.

在童话中所有人都会拥有美好的结局，但生活并不是童话。

②Leave him a note at the reception desk, from which he will learn how to find you.

在前台给他留张便条，他会从便条上了解怎么找到你。

3. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. 黑暗的森林地面以上是大量落叶。

【解析】本句中将表示地点的介词短语above that放在句首,引起完全倒装。

In front of our house stands a big tree.

我们的房子前有一棵大树。

【拓展】完全倒装的其他情况:

(1) 当副词here, there,now, then, out, in, up,down, off, away等置于句首, 谓语动词是come, go, run, rush, fly等, 且主语是名词时。这种情况常用一般现在时或一般过去时。

Here comes the bus.  公共汽车来了。

Now comes your turn. 现在轮到你了。

(2) there be/lie/stand/appear/remain...结构。

There lived a cruel king in the castle.  那座城堡里住着一位残忍的国王。

(3) 形容词或分词提到句首。

Present at the meeting are some great scientists. 出席会议的是一些伟大的科学家。

4. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.

【解析】此句原句为Each level of the forest forms its own little world, which is home to different kinds of living things.

为定语从句省略关系词和be 动词

The girl （who is ）standing there is my sister.

5. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the "lungs of the planet"?

人类活动的影响不断 增加,濒危物种的名单 越来越长,这留给我们 一个问题：我们能承担 得起损害“地球之肺” 的后果吗？

【解析】本句中as引导时间状语从句,强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词表示的动作的同时性。

【拓展】as还可以连接下列从句：

(1) as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为”。

You can't start working as you haven't recovered.    你还不能开始工作,因为你还没有康复。

(2) as引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”(从句须倒装)。

Child as he is, he knows a lot.                    尽管他是个孩子,但他懂得很多。

(3) as引导方式状语从句,意为“以…… 方式”。

Do in Rome as the Romans do.                   入乡随俗。

(4) as引导比较状语从句,意为“像…… 一样”

Try to come as early as Mary (comes).             尽量和玛丽一样早来。

(5) as引导定语从句,意为“正如”。

As is known to us all, every coin has two sides.       众所周知,事物都有两面性。

三、达标导练

Ⅰ.单词拼写

1．Their standard of ___________ (生活) is very low.

2．In the natural world, increased ___________ (生物多样性) is closely correlated with higher whole­system productivity.

3．Of the six people injured in the crash, only two ___________ (幸存)．

4．The company's performance was ___________ (影响) by the high value of the pound.

5．The fire badly ___________ (损坏) the town hall.

6．Not all chemicals normally present in living ___________ (微生物) are harmless.

7．Pandas are an endangered ___________ (物种)．

8．He would never frighten anyone or cause them any ___________ (伤害)．

9．On a shelf ___________ (在……下面) he spotted a photo album.

10．I continued studying moths, and branched out to other ___________ (昆虫)．

Ⅱ.单句语法填空

1．Many of these species have vanished or are facing ___________ (extinct)．

2．Lisa watched until the train ___________ (appear) from view.

3．All dogs are capable of doing harm ___________ human beings.

4．These ___________ (cattle) are one of the purest breeds in Britain.

5．Conservationists calculate that hundreds of ___________(species) could be lost in this area.

6．There is ___________ wide variety of patterns to choose from.

7．France is the world's second­biggest exporter of ___________ (agriculture) products.

8．His music is commercial. It is aimed at the ___________(mass)．

9．The canyon is surrounded in by ___________ (tower) walls of rock.

10．It's ___________ turns that we clean the classroom.

Ⅲ.完成句子

1．She ______________________________ ten years.

她比她的丈夫多活了10年。

2．Every gram of fat has ______________________________of a gram of sugar.

每克脂肪比每克糖的热量大两倍还多。

3．The disgraceful incident has ______________________________ his reputation.

这件不光彩的事件对他个人名誉造成了极大的损害。

4．The decision was a bitter blow ______________________________.

这个决定是个沉重的打击，他一直没有完全恢复过来。

5．Hybrid cars ______________________________ the environment.

混合动力汽车对环境危害不大。

四、课后巩固训练：(40分钟)  

1. 完成书后notes

2. 限时练习

五、反思感悟：

1. 文章知识点理解了吗？

2. 提高理解语篇意义的能力了吗？